Youth Patriotism Heritage Awards

reposted from 9-14-2014

The info posted here is to keep the blog updated and also give hints, links for the next mentor.

http://www.youthpatriotism.org/Youth_Patriotism_Awards_Heritage_GOLD.pdf

Lesson 2: A Moral People Make A Moral Government and a Moral Country

Apprentice Scholar:  Advanced Personal Research Challenge 

If you find you are ready to advance past pre-scholar activities 

and feel challenged to "know" more, here are some activities 

at the Apprentice Scholar Level. 

How Does Morality Affect Colonization?

Botany Bay?  Penal Colonization - Australia 

During the 18th century, stealing a crust of bread could send you to the gaol; consequently there was extreme overcrowding in the prisons.  King George  sent prisoners to colonize "New South Wales," now Australia.

QWIKI:  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botany_Bay

http://www.australianhistory.org/who-convicts

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y_Xll2gzsp0  1953 movie staring James Mason

Molokai Leper Colonization - Hawaii

  About 8,000 people were exiled there since 1865, when King Kamehameha V instituted an "Act to Prevent the Spread of Leprosy," that forced people with leprosy or anyone suspected of having the disease to be secluded on land that was set apart. The law remained in effect until 1969, when admissions to Kalaupapa ended.

QWIKI:  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molokai

2009  The Last Leper:  Reminiscences of a teenager sent to Molakai
http://www.cbsnews.com/2100-204_162-545392.html

Youtube movie http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wpnee2hbY4w   Part 1,  All 12 parts available online.


Can you think of other colonies which were affected by good/bad colonization?

Red Scarf Girl Reading

Our first book for discussion for our Freedom class, Key of Liberty is Red Scarf Girl.

Purpose of this book:  Children have power.  Government can be corrupted quickly.

The plan is to have this book read before our first class.




As you read, think to yourself this question:  "What Am I Learning about Me?"

Extra Credit Article:   Current Events WSJ August 16, 2013   Mao revisits China Leadership

http://online.wsj.com/article_email/SB10001424127887323455104579014960827162856-lMyQjAxMTAzMDEwODExNDgyWj.html?mod=wsj_valettop_email

Simulations link

http://lemikeyofliberty.blogspot.com

Apprentice Scholar Challenge

April 17, 2014

Are you ready to move into the Apprentice Scholar Group?  You will know if you can understand the ramifications of news like this.


What Repercussions could this have?

http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2014/04/17/jews-ordered-to-register-in-east-ukraine/7816951/

Sept. Candy Challenge

BONUS QUESTION:    What is gerrymandering? Who was it named after?

Gerrymandering 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerrymandering

 

Moral people make good government

http://www.revolutionarywararchives.org/salomon.html

 Deliberating Democracy in the
Americashttp: //www.dda. deliberating. org/index. php?option= com_cont&# 92;
ent&view=section&la yout=blog&id= 5&Itemid= 37&lang=en

http://www.crf- usa.org/foundati ons-of-our- constitution/ foundation&# 92;
s-of-our-constituti on.html

Mayflower Compact

Here's an essay written by a student on the subject. It might help you get started on your presentation for class.

As the western United States were being settled by pioneers, miners, and ranchers, the absence of government showed that the people are the true source of governmental power and influence.

The new citizens of the untamed wilderness quickly learned to govern themselves. They demonstrated a high work ethic and a respect for the property rights of their neighbors. Those who came out west with low self-discipline and inability to govern themselves soon proved to others that they couldn’t be trusted. The formal laws of government weren’t in place to prevent their vices and they often violated others rights in favor of their own interests.

Conflicts between law-abiding citizens and rogue groups of individuals became the stuff of legends. Stage coaches and mail carriers were robbed. Cattle were stolen with impunity. The citizens who desired peace began to communicate with each other and form agreements for mutual protection. They formed their own justice system until formal laws were established and a police force organized.

The rogue groups looked for ways to benefit from others without working in traditional ways. They argued with others over conflicting desires and often took matters into their own hands to exact revenge. They tried to evade just punishments for their crimes.

The circumstance of this lawless region demonstrate that abiding under law is a choice made by a moral and virtuous people. The laws and government we now have only formally express the values held by the society as a whole. They protect the rights of the majority from those whose roguishness motivates them to violate and disrupt the peace.

It is my opinion that without a moral people to stand behind the laws all of society would suffer from the unrestrained selfishness of their neighbors. The government would be unable to enforce laws preventing every possible vice unless the government reduced all people to slavery. Individuals would need to protect their own interests if they couldn’t trust others to keep the peace.

Trust is earned. Through consistent exercise of self restraint, people come together to build neighborhoods, cities and national governments for the promotion of civilization. Without trust, anarchy and tribalism prevent the cooperation of people on a large scale. The current and continuing conflicts between law-abiding citizens and rogue individuals proves that freedom will always lie in the virtuous actions of each individual of society. 

Legislative Glossary of Terms

GLOSSARY OF TERMS

House Legislative Calendars

The Union Calendar

- A list of all bills that address money and may be considered by the House of Representatives. Generally, bills contained in the Union Calendar can be categorized as appropriations bills or bills raising revenue.

The House Calendar

- A list of all the public bills that do not address money and maybe considered by the House of Representatives.

The Corrections Calendar

- A list of bills selected by the Speaker of the House in consultation with the Minority leader that will be considered in the House and debated for one hour. Generally, bills are selected because they focus on changing laws, rules and regulations that are judged to be outdated or unnecessary. A 3/5 majority of those present and voting is required to pass bills on the Corrections Calendar.

The Private Calendar

- A list of all the private bills that are to be considered by the House. It is called on the first and third Tuesday of every month.

Types of Legislation

Bills

- A legislative proposal that if passed by both the House and the Senate and approved by the President becomes law. Each bill is assigned a bill number. HR denotes bills that originate in the House and S denotes bills that originate in the Senate.

Private Bill

- A bill that is introduced on behalf of a specific individual that if it is enacted into law only affects the specific person or organization the bill concerns. Often, private bills address immigration or naturalization issues.

Public Bill

- A bill that affects the general public if enacted into law.

Simple Resolution

- A type of legislation designated by H Res or S Res that is used primarily to express the sense of the chamber where it is introduced or passed. It only has the force of the chamber passing the resolution. A simple resolution is not signed by the President and cannot become Public Law.

Concurrent Resolutions

- A type of legislation designated by H Con Res or S Con Res that is often used to express the sense of both chambers, to set annual budget or to fix adjournment dates. Concurrent resolutions are not signed by the President and therefore do not hold the weight of law.

Joint Resolutions

- A type of legislation designated by H J Res or S J Res that is treated the same as a bill unless it proposes an amendment to the Constitution. In this case, 2/3 majority of those present and voting in both the House and the Senate and 3/4 ratification of the states are required for the Constitutional amendment to be adopted.

Other Terms

Calendar Wednesday

- A procedure in the House of Representatives during which each standing committees may bring up for consideration any bill that has been reported on the floor on or before the previous day. The procedure also limits debate for each subject matter to two hours.

Cloture

- A motion generally used in the Senate to end a filibuster. Invoking cloture requires a vote by 3/5 of the full Senate. If cloture is invoked further debate is limited to 30 hours, it is not a vote on the passage of the piece of legislation.

Committee of The Whole

- A committee including all members of the House. It allows bills and resolutions to be considered without adhering to all the formal rules of a House session, such as needing a quorum of 218. All measures on the Union Calendar must be considered first by the Committee of the Whole.

Co-Sponsor

- A member or members that add his or her name formally in support of another members bill. In the House a member can become a co-sponsor of a bill at any point up to the time the last authorized committee considers it. In the Senate a member can become a co-sponsor of a bill anytime before the vote takes place on the bill. However, a co-sponsor is not required and therefore, not every bill has a co-sponsor or co-sponsors.

Discharge Petition

- A petition that if signed by a majority of the House, 218 members, requires a bill to come out of a committee and be moved to the floor of the House.

Filibuster

- An informal term for extended debate or other procedures used to prevent a vote on a bill in the Senate.

Germane

- Relevant to the bill or business either chamber is addressing. The House requires an amendment to meet a standard of relevance, being germane, unless a special rule has been passed.

Hopper

- Box on House Clerk's desk where members deposit bills and resolutions to introduce them.

Morning Hour

- A 90 minute period on Mondays and Tuesdays in the House of Representatives set aside for five minute speeches by members who have reserved a spot in advance on any topic.

Motion to Recommit

- A motion that requests a bill be sent back to committee for further consideration. Normally, the motion is accompanied by instructions concerning what the committee should change in the legislation or general instructions such as that the committee should hold further hearings.

Motion to Table

- A motion that is not debatable and that can be made by any Senator or Representative on any pending question. Agreement to the motion is equivalent to defeating the question tabled.

Quorum

- The number of Representatives or Senators that must be present before business can begin. In the House 218 members must be present for a quorum. In the Senate 51 members must be present however, Senate can conduct daily business without a quorum unless it is challenged by a point of order.

Rider

- An informal term for an amendment or provision that is not relevant to the legislation where it is attached.

Sponsor

- The original member who introduces a bill.

Substitute Amendment

- An amendment that would replace existing language of a bill or another amendment with its own.

Suspension of the Rules

- A procedure in the House that limits debate on a bill to 40 minutes, bars amendments to the legislation and requires a 2/3 majority of those present and voting for the measure to be passed.

Veto

- A power that allows the President, a Governor or a Mayor to refuse approval of a piece of legislation. Federally, a President returns a vetoed bill to the Congress, generally with a message. Congress can accept the veto or attempt to override the veto by a 2/3 majority of those present and voting in both the House and the Senate.

Online Executive Power Game

http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/usa_game/government/branches_government.htm

Fun game, drag click.

FOR FUN? Amendments that never made it.

http://news.yahoo.com/five-unusual-amendments-never-made-constitution-110808624--politics.html

How Does A Bill Become Law?

Government 101: How a Bill Becomes Law     from votesmart.org

Schoolhouse Rock:   I'm Just a Bill

A. Legislation is Introduced

- Any member can introduce a piece of legislation

House

- Legislation is handed to the clerk of the House or placed in the hopper.

Senate

- Members must gain recognition of the presiding officer to announce the introduction of a bill during the morning hour. If any senator objects, the introduction of the bill is postponed until the next day.

·         The bill is assigned a number. (e.g. HR 1 or S 1)

·         The bill is labeled with the sponsor's name.

·         The bill is sent to the Government Printing Office (GPO) and copies are made.

·         Senate bills can be jointly sponsored.

·         Members can cosponsor the piece of Legislation.

B. Committee Action

- The bill is referred to the appropriate committee by the Speaker of the House or the presiding officer in the Senate. Most often, the actual referral decision is made by the House or Senate parliamentarian. Bills may be referred to more than one committee and it may be split so that parts are sent to different committees. The Speaker of the House may set time limits on committees. Bills are placed on the calendar of the committee to which they have been assigned. Failure to act on a bill is equivalent to killing it. Bills in the House can only be released from committee without a proper committee vote by a discharge petition signed by a majority of the House membership (218 members).

Committee Steps:

• ·         Comments about the bill's merit are requested by government agencies.
• ·         Bill can be assigned to subcommittee by Chairman.
• ·         Hearings may be held.
• ·         Subcommittees report their findings to the full committee.
• ·         Finally there is a vote by the full committee - the bill is "ordered to be reported."

A committee will hold a "mark-up" session during which it will make revisions and additions. If substantial amendments are made, the committee can order the introduction of a "clean bill" which will include the proposed amendments. This new bill will have a new number and will be sent to the floor while the old bill is discarded. The chamber must approve, change or reject all committee amendments before conducting a final passage vote.

After the bill is reported, the committee staff prepares a written report explaining why they favor the bill and why they wish to see their amendments, if any, adopted. Committee members who oppose a bill sometimes write a dissenting opinion in the report. The report is sent back to the whole chamber and is placed on the calendar.

In the House, most bills go to the Rules committee before reaching the floor. The committee adopts rules that will govern the procedures under which the bill will be considered by the House. A "closed rule" sets strict time limits on debate and forbids the introduction of amendments. These rules can have a major impact on whether the bill passes. The rules committee can be bypassed in three ways: 1) members can move rules to be suspended (requires 2/3 vote)2) a discharge petition can be filed 3) the House can use a Calendar Wednesday procedure.

C. Floor Action

Legislation is placed on the Calendar

House: Bills are placed on one of four House Calendars. They are usually placed on the calendars in the order of which they are reported yet they don't usually come to floor in this order - some bills never reach the floor at all. The Speaker of the House and the Majority Leader decide what will reach the floor and when. (Legislation can also be brought to the floor by a discharge petition.)

Senate: Legislation is placed on the Legislative Calendar. There is also an Executive calendar to deal with treaties and nominations. Scheduling of legislation is the job of the Majority Leader. Bills can be brought to the floor whenever a majority of the Senate chooses.

Debate

House: Debate is limited by the rules formulated in the Rules Committee. The Committee of the Whole debates and amends the bill but cannot technically pass it. Debate is guided by the Sponsoring Committee and time is divided equally between proponents and opponents. The Committee decides how much time to allot to each person. Amendments must be germane to the subject of a bill - no riders are allowed. The bill is reported back to the House (to itself) and is voted on. A quorum call is a vote to make sure that there are enough members present (218) to have a final vote. If there is not a quorum, the House will adjourn or will send the Sergeant at Arms out to round up missing members.

Senate: debate is unlimited unless cloture is invoked. Members can speak as long as they want and amendments need not be germane - riders are often offered. Entire bills can therefore be offered as amendments to other bills. Unless cloture is invoked, Senators can use a filibuster to defeat a measure by "talking it to death."

Vote

- the bill is voted on. If passed, it is then sent to the other chamber unless that chamber already has a similar measure under consideration. If either chamber does not pass the bill then it dies. If the House and Senate pass the same bill then it is sent to the President. If the House and Senate pass different bills they are sent to Conference Committee. Most major legislation goes to a Conference Committee.

D. Conference Committee

Members from each house form a conference committee and meet to work out the differences. The committee is usually made up of senior members who are appointed by the presiding officers of the committee that originally dealt with the bill. The representatives from each house work to maintain their version of the bill.

If the Conference Committee reaches a compromise, it prepares a written conference report, which is submitted to each chamber.

The conference report must be approved by both the House and the Senate.

E. The President

- the bill is sent to the President for review.

A bill becomes law if signed by the President or if not signed within 10 days and Congress is in session.

If Congress adjourns before the 10 days and the President has not signed the bill then it does not become law ("Pocket Veto.")

If the President vetoes the bill it is sent back to Congress with a note listing his/her reasons. The chamber that originated the legislation can attempt to override the veto by a vote of two-thirds of those present. If the veto of the bill is overridden in both chambers then it becomes law.

F. The Bill Becomes A Law

- once a bill is signed by the President or his veto is overridden by both houses it becomes a law and is assigned an official number.

How would you Vote? VOTESMART Vote Easy

Ever wonder how you should vote on issues that pertain to your opinions?  Fill out the questionairre and this fun website will tell you who closely shares your view and which party you might vote for.

http://votesmart.org/voteeasy

Constitutional Convention Delegates

Apprentice Scholar Challenge

http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/constitution_founding_fathers_pennsylvania.html

Pick a delegate and tell us about him at the next class.

Sites for Constitution Quiz Questions

Link for Constitution Facts 

Constitution Quizlet

Constitution Flash Cards

First Semester Award Brunch

2014

Parliamentary Procedure

Parliamentary Procedure

Parliamentary procedure refers to the rules of democracy—that is, the commonly accepted way in which a group of people come together, present and discuss possible courses of action, and make decisions.

Parliamentary procedure is used by all types of decision-making bodies on a daily basis: school boards, homeowners' associations, city councils, and non-profit boards of directors, for example. Parliamentary procedure also defines what duties people typically have when they are elected the president, secretary, or treasurer of an organization.

Fundamentally, parliamentary procedure defines how groups of people, no matter how formal or informal, can most effectively meet and make decisions in a fair, consistent manner—and make good use of everyone's time. Even a basic background in parliamentary principles can help you and your organization hold more efficient meetings.

Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised
The National Association of Parliamentarians bases its opinions and instruction upon Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised. The most widely used parliamentary authority in the United States, this book (often abbreviated RONR) was first published as the Pocket Manual of Rules of Order for Deliberative Assemblies in 1876. Since then, the book has been expanded and updated several times, incorporating solutions for countless meeting situations and acknowledging both societal and technological changes that affect the way business is conducted. The current edition of this book is Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised, 10th edition (2000).

What is Parliamentary Procedure?

Definition
Parliamentary procedure, often used interchangeably with "parliamentary law," is more correctly defined as parliamentary law in combination with the rules of order that a given assembly or organization has adopted.

Parliamentary law is:

·                     rules of the game of democracy.

·                     rules that govern procedures by which civil and criminal laws are made and adopted.

·                     rules and customs that govern deliberative and decision-making assemblies and organizations.

The term rules of order refers to written rules of parliamentary procedure formally adopted by a group of people or by an organization. These rules relate to the orderly transaction of business in meetings and to the duties of officers in facilitating the conduct of business. Written rules of order help ensure that the organization functions smoothly and that questions about procedure can be resolved quickly and fairly. An organization's rules of order may include bylaws, standing rules, policy manuals, and other rules.

Objectives    Parliamentary procedure

·         establishes the purpose and structure of organizations;

·         defines membership classifications, rights, and obligations; and

·         defines rules and procedures for conducting business.

Principles
Parliamentary law is based upon

·         the will of the majority;

·         the right of the minority to be heard;

·         protection of the rights of absentees;

·         courtesy and justice for all; and

·         consideration of one subject at a time.

The Use of Parliamentary Procedure

Why use parliamentary procedure?
A knowledge of basic parliamentary procedure prepares a member of any organization to be more effective when participating in business meetings, and allows the member to understand and support the fundamental principles of parliamentary law.

Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised provides perhaps the best summary of the broad benefit of parliamentary law to organizations:

"The application of parliamentary law is the best method yet devised to enable assemblies of any size, with due regard for every member's opinion, to arrive at the general will on the maximum number of questions of varying complexity in a minimum time and under all kinds of internal climate ranging from total harmony to hardened or impassioned division of opinion." (RONR, 10th ed., p. xlviii)

In other words, while parliamentary procedure cannot guarantee that every member of an organization is pleased with the outcome of a decision, it aims to ensure that every member is satisfied by the manner in which the decision was made, and that the organization makes decisions efficiently but with consideration for every member's opinion.

Who uses parliamentary procedure?
Countless organizations use parliamentary procedure every day. Consider these examples:

Government and civic organizations

• U.S. Congress
• State legislatures
• City and county councils
• School boards
• Homeowners' associations

Corporations

• Boards of directors
• Shareholder meetings

Non-profit organizations

• Fraternal organizations
• Charitable organizations
• Churches
• Clubs
• Unions
• Professional organizations

Parliamentary Basics
While a thorough treatment of parliamentary procedure cannot be condensed onto a few Web pages, there are some basic components of effective meeting procedure that can help anyone improve their participation in or facilitation of business meetings. After reviewing these basics, explore how to learn more through participation in NAP-sponsored activities, and through the products and services that NAP provides.

Deliberative Assemblies
Parliamentary procedure is generally applied to the meetings of deliberative assemblies. A deliberative assembly has the following distinguishing characteristics:

·         It is an independent or autonomous group of people meeting to determine, in full and free discussion, courses of action to be taken in the name of the entire group.

·         The group is large enough—usually more than a dozen people—that a degree of formality is needed to make decisions efficiently.

·         People having the right to participate (the members of the assembly) are generally free to act within the assembly according to their own judgment.

·         In any decision made, the opinion of each member present has equal weight when voting; when a member votes, he or she joins others in assuming direct personal responsibility for the decision when voting on the prevailing side.

·         If a member does not agree with the decision of the body, this does not constitute withdrawal from the body.

·         If there are absentee members—as there usually are—the members present at a regular or properly called meeting act on behalf of the entire membership, subject only to whatever limitations are established in the body's governing rules.

Types of Deliberative Assembly
The deliberative assembly may exist in many forms. Among the principal types are:

·         mass meeting

·         local assembly of an organized society

·         convention

·         legislative body

·         board

(For more information on the specific characteristics of each of these assemblies, consult Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised.)

Copyright by National Order of Parlimentarians 2006

Parlimentary Procedures

FIVE BASIC PRINCIPLES OF PARLIMENTARY PROCEDURE

§  Only one subject may claim the attention of the assembly at one time.

§  Each proposition presented for consideration is entitled to full and free debate.

§  Every member has rights equal to every other member.

§  The will of the majority must be carried out, and the rights of the minority must be preserved.

§  The personality and desires of each member should be merged into the larger unit of the organization.

DEVELOPING AN AGENDA OR ORDER OF BUSINESS

It is customary for every group to adopt a standard order of business for meetings.

When no rule has been adopted, the following is the order.

                               I.            Call to order

                            II.            Reading and approval of minutes

                         III.            Reports from officers and standing committees

                         IV.            Unfinished business

                            V.            New business

                         VI.            Program

                      VII.            Adjournment

MOTIONS

The proper way for an individual to propose that the group take a certain action is by "making a motion". The following is the process for handling a motion:

1.      A member rises and addresses the presiding officer for recognition

2.      The member is recognized

3.      The member proposes a motion

4.      Another member must second the motion

5.      The presiding officer states the motion to the assembly

6.      The assembly can now discuss or debate the motion. Only one person at a time may speak. They must first be recognized by the presiding officer.

7.      The presiding officer takes the vote on the motion. Voting can be done by voice, show of hands, or balloting.

8.      The presiding officer announces the result of the vote.

9.      The floor is now open and another motion can be proposed.

When discussing the motion, preference should be given to:

1.      The person who proposed the motion

2.      A member who has not yet spoken to the motion

3.      A member who seldom speaks to one who frequently addresses the assembly

4.      The presiding officer should try to alternate between those favoring and those opposing the motion.

Discussion must be confined to the question that is "before the house".

AMENDING A MOTION

The purpose of the motion to amend is to modify that has already been presented in such a manner that it will be more satisfactory to the members.

Methods of amending:

§  By addition or insertion-- to add something to the motion which it did not contain.

§  By elimination or by striking out-- to subtract or eliminate something from a motion that was originally part of it.

§  By substitution-- this method is a combination of the first two methods, since in amending by substitution something is stricken, and something is inserted in its place. The substitution portion may consist of a word, a phrase, a clause, or an entirely new motion.

The most important principle to understand in connection with any form of the motion to amend is that an amendment "MAY BE HOSTILE, BUT IT MUST BE GERMANE".

§  By hostile is meant opposed to the spirit and aim of the motion to which it is applied.

§  By germane is meant having direct bearing upon the subject of the motion, that is, relevant or relating to it.

An amendment may be opposed to the actual intent of the original motion and, in fact, nullify it, but if it relates to the same subject matter, it is germane.

TYPES OF AMENDMENTS

§  Amendment of the First Rank -- an amendment to a motion

§  Amendment of the Second Rank -- and amendment to the amendment. (The amendment to the amendment must modify and relate directly to the amendment and NOT to the main motion, otherwise it is OUT OF ORDER).

No amendment beyond that of the Second Rank is possible. It is never in order to propose more than one amendment of each rank at one time. If one desires to amend two separate and unrelated parts of a motion, this must be done by two amendments of the first rank, and one must be voted upon before the other is proposed. It is possible, however, to have a motion, one amendment to the motion (amendment of the first rank), and one amendment to the amendment (amendment of the second rank) before the assembly at once. Until the amendment of the second rank has been voted upon, no other amendment of the first rank can be proposed.

ORDER OF VOTING ON AMENDMENTS

§  Amendments are voted upon in inverse order; that is, the one of second rank is disposed of first.

§  Discussion is held and the vote taken upon the amendment to the amendment (amendment of the second rank).

§  Discussion is called for and the vote is taken upon the amendment to the motion (amendment of first rank).

§  When the vote on this has been taken, discussion upon the origional or main motion as amended is opened and when completed a vote is taken upon it.

Parliamentary Procedures at a Glance

TO DO THIS:	YOU SAY THIS:	MAY YOU INTERRUPT THE SPEAKER?	MUST YOU BE SECONDED?	IS THE MOTION DEBATABLE?	IS THE MOTION AMMENDABLE	WHAT VOTE IS REQUIRED?
Adjourn the meeting	"I move that we adjourn"	No	Yes	No	No	Majority
Recess the Meeting	"I move that we recess until..."	No	Yes	No	Yes	Majority
Complain about noise, room temp, etc.	"point of privilege"	Yes	No	No	No	None, Chair Decides
End Debate	"I move the previous question"	No	Yes	No	No	2/3 Vote Required
Postpone consideration of something	"I move we postpone this matter until..."	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Majority
Have something studied further	"I move we refer this matter to a committee"	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Majority
Amend a motion	"I move that this motion be amended by..."	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Majority
Introduce Business (a primary motion)	"I move that..."	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Majority
Object to procedure or to a personal affront	"Point of order"	Yes	No	No	No	None, Chair Decides
Request Information	"Point of Info."	Yes, if urgent	No	No	No	None
Ask for a vote by actual count to verify a voice vote	"I call for a division of the house"	No	No	No	No	None, Unless someone objects
Object to considering some undiplomatic or improper matter	"I object to consideration of this question"	Yes	No	No	No	2/3 Vote Required
Take up a matter previously tabled	"I move we take from the table..."	No	Yes	No	No	Majority
Reconsider something already disposed of	"I move we now (or later) reconsider our action relative to..."	Yes	Yes	Yes, if original motion is debatable	No	Majority
Consider something out of its scheduled order	"I move we suspend the rules and consider..."	No	Yes	No	No	2/3 Vote Required
Vote on a ruling by the chair	"I appeal the chair's decision"	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Majority

§  The first 8 motions or points are listed in established order of precedence. When any one of them is pending, you may not introduce another that is listed below it, but you introduce another that is above it. The next 8 motions, points, and proposals have no established order of precedence. Any of them may be introduced at any time-- except when the meeting is considering one of the top three matters (motion to adjourn, motion to recess, point of privilege).

§  In the case of noise, temperature complaints, any resulting motion is debatable.

§  When a division of the house is called for, they must be called for before another motion is started. If someone objects, the majority vote is required.